Indlela Yokuvavanya Umgangatho Wonyango Lobushushu Be-Drill Bit

1. Ukuqina kweRockwell (HRC) — Ukungaguquguquki Kubalulekile Ngaphezu Kokufunda Okukodwa

Uvavanyo lobunzima beRockwell C yeyona ndlela ithe ngqo nefumanekayo ngokubanzi yokuqinisekisa iziphumo zonyango lobushushu — phantse wonke umenzi we-drill bit kunye nomhloli wesithathu unalo olu buchule. Kodwa ukufundwa okukodwa akuthethi lukhulu ngokwako. Okubalulekileyo kukuba ingaba ubunzima buhlala kuluhlu oluhambelanayo nolufanelekileyo kwiinxalenye ezininzi ezivela kwibhetshi enye.

Kwi-HSS twist drills, ingqiqo esisiseko kukuba umphetho wokusika uqinisiwe ukuze ungagugi, ngelixa umphetho ushiywe ungaqini kangako ukuze ukwazi ukufunxa ukothuka ngaphandle kokuba buthathaka. Loo gradient yobunzima ngokwayo luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuba unyango lobushushu lwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo - ikwayindlela yokuqinisekisa emva komba othi "ukuqina kwe-through-hardening kubangela ukungaphumeleli kwe-brittle" esiwugubungele kwinqaku elidlulileyo. Uluhlu lweereferensi zeshishini ezikhankanyiweyo rhoqo zomphetho wokusika we-HSS twist drills ezisemgangathweni zimalunga ne-63–66 HRC, nangona inani elichanekileyo lahluka ngobubanzi kunye nomgangatho (M2, M35, njalo njalo).

Izinto onokuzicela kumthengisi:ingxelo yovavanyo lobunzima echaza indawo yovavanyo (icala eliphambili ngokukodwa) endaweni yenani elinye elingenalebhile.

2. Ukusampula Kweqela — Asikuko nje iSampulu Yereferensi

I-drill bit enye ephumelele uvavanyo lobunzima ayithethi ukuba yonke ibhetshi iyahambelana. Ukufana kobushushu ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo, ubuninzi bomthwalo, kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zenkqubo zinokwenza umahluko ngaphakathi kwebhetshi enye. Uvavanyo oluthembekileyo ngakumbi kukutsala iziqwenga ezimbalwa ngokungacwangciswanga kwibhetshi enye ukuze kuvavanywe, endaweni yokuvavanya kuphela isampuli umthengisi ayibekele bucala ngokukodwa. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ekufumaneni izinto ngaphandle kwemida, apho abathengi bahlala befumana inani elilinganiselweyo leesampuli - kwaye isampuli edlulayo ayiqinisekisi ukuba yonke ibhetshi iyahambelana nayo.

3. Ukuhlolwa Okubonakalayo — Umqondiso Othe Ngqo Wokutsha Kokugaywa

Ukuba iiparameter zokusila azilawulwa kakuhle, inkqubo inokuphinda iwuthambise okanye iwuqinise umphezulu wento yokubhola, kwaye oku kudla ngokubonakala njengombala obonakalayo - umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omnyama ongahambelani nokugqitywa okujikelezileyo. Yingakho ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kufanele kwenziwe emva kokusila nangaphambi kokupakisha: ngelo xesha, naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga okanye isiphene somphezulu sinokufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo, endaweni yokusila kamva emva kokuba umthengi eqalise ukusebenzisa isixhobo.

Iindlela zokuhlola eziphucukileyo ngakumbi — ezifana nokuhlolwa kwamasuntswana emagnethi ukuze kufunyanwe imifantu, uvavanyo lwe-nital etch, okanye uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-eddy lokugaya — ziintlobo zovavanyo oluthunyelwa kwishishini kwilebhu yomntu wesithathu xa iqela elithile lirhanelwa ukuba linengxaki. Zizixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukusombulula iingxaki, hayi into esetyenziswa kwinani ngalinye njengesiqhelo. Ezi zifanelekile ukuzazi xa uvavanya umthengisi omtsha okanye uphanda ingxaki yeqela, endaweni yokuba yinto elindelekileyo njengenyathelo eliqhelekileyo kuyo yonke iodolo.

4. Ulawulo lweNkqubo — Asikuko nje isiphumo

Isiqinisekiso sokwenyani somgangatho wonyango lobushushu sivela kulawulo lwenkqubo, kungekhona ekuhleleni iziqwenga ezilungileyo emva koko. Emva kokucima, i-HSS igcina inani elibalulekileyo le-austenite engaguqukiyo, eqhubeka ichaphazela ukuzinza kunye nokuqina kwentsimbi ukuba ayinyangwa. Oku kudla ngokufuna imijikelo emibini ukuya kwemithathu yokulinganisa: umjikelo ngamnye uguqula uninzi lwe-austenite egciniweyo ibe yi-martensite kwaye ukhulula ubuthathaka obungakhokelela ekuqhekekeni. Idatha yeshishini ikwabonisa ukuba umjikelo omnye wokulinganisa usenokushiya malunga ne-10% ye-austenite egciniweyo, kwaye kudla ngokuthatha ubuncinane imijikelo emibini yokulinganisa ukuze oko kube ngaphantsi kwe-5%.

Ngamanye amazwi: zingaphi ii-tempering cycles ezisetyenzisiweyo ngumbuzo ofanelekileyo noluncedo ukuwubuza. I-drill bit ethe yatyiswa kanye kuphela inokubonisa inani lobunzima obamkelekileyo kwaye isangenalo uzinzo lwesakhiwo - le yenye yezizathu ezisisiseko zendlela yokusilela "yobunzima obubonakala bulungile kodwa busathambile" esiyigubungele kwinqaku elidlulileyo.