Kwimarike yemizi-mveliso, abathengi abaninzi badla ngokuba nemibuzo efana nale:
Kutheni ezinye ii-drill bits okanye iimpompo zifana kakhulu kodwa zibe nomahluko omkhulu kwixabiso? Ingakumbi kule minyaka mibini, abathengi abaninzi baye baqaphela ngokucacileyo ukuguquguquka okucacileyo ekuncitshisweni kwamaxabiso ezixhobo.
Enyanisweni, ixabiso lee-drill bits kunye neempompo alimiselwa yinto enye, livela kudibaniso lwezinto eziluhlaza, iinkqubo zokuvelisa, iimfuno zokusebenza, kunye neemeko zemarike. Siza kuxoxa ngokufutshane ngezinto ezibalulekileyo ukuchaza indlela esisiseko yokuxabisa amaxabiso. Makhe sijonge ukwakheka kweendleko ukusuka kwizinto eziluhlaza ukuya kumveliso.
1.Ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza, isiseko sexabiso
Izinto eziphambili ze-drill bits kunye neempompo yintsimbi ekhawulezayo (i-HSS).
Isizathu sokuba i-HSS ikwazi ukusika kakuhle kakhulu zizinto zayo zokuxubha ngaphakathi, ezifana ne-Tungsten (W), i-Molybdenum (Mo), i-Cobalt (Co) njl. Sivile amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-HSS, i-HSS 4341, i-M2, i-M35, i-M42, umahluko kukulinganisela kwezi zinto zokuxubha. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-alloy anyusa ukumelana nobushushu bezinto, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kunye nobomi bokusetyenziswa, kodwa akwanyusa neendleko zezinto. Kunokuthiwa iindleko zezinto eziluhlaza zimisela "umgangatho" wexabiso lemveliso.
Iiklasi zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezinesantya esiphezulu zineempawu ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni nakwixabiso:
• I-HSS / HSS 4341 esemgangathweni: Ifanelekile ekuchwethezeni izinto ngokubanzi, ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu
• M2: Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo iyonke, okusebenziseka kakhulu
• I-M35 (equlathe i-cobalt): Iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu, ifanelekile kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo nezinye izinto ezifanayo
• I-M42 (i-cobalt ephezulu): Iyamelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu kunye nobunzima obubomvu, ilungele ukusebenza ngomatshini oqhubekayo onamandla aphezulu
Ubuninzi be-alloy abunyusi nje kuphela iindleko zezinto eziluhlaza kodwa bukwabangela ukuba ukwenziwa kube nzima ngakumbi, nto leyo ebonakala kwixabiso lokugqibela lemveliso.
Kwintsimbi ekhawulezayo, i-tungsten(W) yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokudibanisa, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubulukhuni obubomvu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwee-drill bits kunye neempompo.
Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, ingakumbi kulo nyaka, idatha karhulumente yemizi-mveliso ibonisa ukuba amaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada ezinxulumene ne-tungsten ahlala ephezulu kwaye engaguquguqukiyo. Izizathu ezisisiseko ziquka, kodwa azipheleli apho:
• Ubuninzi bemithombo ye-tungsten ore, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ukungabikho kwemithombo emininzi.
• Ukunyuka kweendleko zokuthobela imimiselo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokwembiwa kwemigodi
• Ukwanda kwemfuno evela kwimveliso ephezulu, amandla amatsha, kunye nemizi-mveliso yemikhosi.
Kwimveliso yentsimbi ekhawulezayo, olu tshintsho lwamaxabiso aluyonto yesiganeko esifutshane esingaqhelekanga kodwa lutshintsho lwexesha elide nolwakhiwo kwiindleko. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zokuvelisa ii-drill bits kunye neempompo ezenziwe ngeentsimbi ezikhawulezayo ezifana ne-M2, i-M35, kunye ne-M42 nazo zinyukile. Yinyani eqhelekileyo ejongene nayo yonke imboni.
Umfanekiso ubonisa indlela amaxabiso e-tungsten ahamba ngayo ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Okthobha 29, 2025. Ukusukela ekupheleni kukaDisemba 2026, amaxabiso e-tungsten ayaqhubeka nokunyuka. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuqala kuka-2026, amaxabiso eemveliso eziphambili ze-tungsten anyuke kakhulu. Idatha yeshishini ibonisa ukuba amaxabiso ezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu—kuquka i-tungsten concentrate, i-ammonium paratungstate (APT), i-tungsten powder, kunye ne-tungsten powder yee-carbides ezifakwe isamente—ngokubanzi anyuke ngaphezu kwe-100%. Amaxabiso eemveliso ezithile ze-tungsten kunye ne-cobalt powder ade asondela okanye akhule ngaphezulu kwama-200%, nto leyo egcina iindleko zezinto ezisetyenziswa ngentsimbi ekhawulezayo zikwinqanaba eliphezulu.
2. Umgangatho wonyango lobushushu, isiseko sokusebenza kwemveliso
Unyango lobushushu lolunye lweenkqubo ezibalulekileyo kodwa ezingabonakaliyo ngexesha lokuvelisa. Lumisela ngokuthe ngqo ubulukhuni besixhobo, ubulukhuni, kunye nokuzinza ngokubanzi ngexesha lokwenziwa komatshini. Unyango lobushushu olucwangcisiweyo kakuhle lufezekisa ulungelelwano olukhulu phakathi kobulukhuni kunye nobulukhuni. Unyango lobushushu olungazinzanga lunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni, ekwaphukeni, okanye ubomi benkonzo obungaguqukiyo. Kwakhona, inkqubo yonyango lobushushu oluzinzileyo nolulawulekayo idla ngokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ulawulo lobushushu oluqinileyo, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo oluntsonkothileyo. Nangona kunjalo, olu tyalo-mali alufumaneki lula kwimbonakalo yemveliso, lumisela kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo kwizicelo zokwenyani.
3. Iinkqubo zokwenziwa kunye nolawulo lomgangatho, zichaphazela ukuchaneka koomatshini kunye nokuhambelana
Ngaphandle kwezixhobo kunye nonyango lobushushu, iinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye neenkqubo zokulawula umgangatho zigqiba ngokudibeneyo ukuchaneka komatshini wokugaya, ukuhambelana, kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kweebhithi zokubhola kunye neempompo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela. Kwimveliso yokwenyani, umahluko weendleko phakathi kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuvelisa ubonakala kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
• Uyilo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa iyonke, njengolawulo lwezinga leziphene
• Nokuba usebenzisa amanyathelo okusila achanekileyo amaninzi okanye aqiniswe nge-single-step roll-forged
• Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha zejiyometri ezifana nemiphetho yokusika, iiflute ezijikelezayo, kunye nee-engile zangasemva
• Kwiimveliso zempompo, inqanaba lolawulo lokuchaneka kwelothe kunye nokuhambelana okusemgangathweni ophezulu
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu koomatshini kuthetha utyalo-mali oluphezulu lwezixhobo, ixesha elide lokucubungula, kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lwenkqubo. Ezi zinto zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zokuvelisa kwaye zikwachaphazela uzinzo lwemveliso ngexesha lemveliso enkulu.
Umgangatho wemveliso ozinzileyo uxhomekeke kwinkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho ecwangcisiweyo neqhubekayo. Kubasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso, ukuhambelana kwebhetshi kunye nokukwazi ukubonelela okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kubaluleke kakhulu kunexabiso le-odolo enye. Ulawulo olupheleleyo lomgangatho ludla ngokuquka:
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza
• Ukuhlolwa kokuchaneka kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-radial runout
• Uvavanyo lokuqina kunye nolawulo lokungaguquguquki kwebhetshi
• Uvavanyo lokubhoboza olunobundlobongela
Olu tyalo-mali alufumani nje iingxaki kuphela kodwa luqinisekisa ukuba iqela ngalinye leemveliso lisebenza ngendlela efanayo neqikelelwayo. Ukongeza, ubomi bokusetyenziswa bubaluleke ngakumbi kunexabiso leyunithi. Kwizicelo zoshishino, ixabiso leyunithi eliphantsi alilingani nexabiso elipheleleyo eliphantsi. Iimveliso ezinobomi obufutshane kunye nozinzo olubi zihlala zikhokelela kutshintsho oluqhelekileyo lwezixhobo, ukuphazamiseka koomatshini kunye nokuguquguquka komgangatho wemveliso egqityiweyo. Ke ngoko, abasebenzisi abangochwephesha ngakumbi bagxila kakhulu kwiindleko zoomatshini beyunithi kunexabiso elilula lomshini omnye wokubhola okanye itephu.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-24-2025